Noether’s 1st theorem with local symmetries

Sinya Aoki (Center for Gravitational Physics and Quantum Information, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, , Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, , Japan)

Abstract Noether’s 2nd theorem applied to a total system states that a global symmetry which is a part of local symmetries does not provide a physically meaningful conserved charge but it instead leads to off-shell constraints as a form of conserved currents. In this paper, we propose a general method to derive a matter-conserved current associated with a special global symmetry in the presence of local symmetries. While currents derived from local symmetries of a matter sector with a covariant background gauge field are not conserved in general, we show that the current associated with a special type of a global symmetry, called a hidden matter symmetry, is on-shell conserved. We apply this derivation to a U(1) gauge theory, general relativity and non-abelian gauge theory. In general relativity, the associated conserved charge agrees with the one recently proposed from a different point of view.

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      "value": "Abstract Noether\u2019s 2nd theorem applied to a total system states that a global symmetry which is a part of local symmetries does not provide a physically meaningful conserved charge but it instead leads to off-shell constraints as a form of conserved currents. In this paper, we propose a general method to derive a matter-conserved current associated with a special global symmetry in the presence of local symmetries. While currents derived from local symmetries of a matter sector with a covariant background gauge field are not conserved in general, we show that the current associated with a special type of a global symmetry, called a hidden matter symmetry, is on-shell conserved. We apply this derivation to a U(1) gauge theory, general relativity and non-abelian gauge theory. In general relativity, the associated conserved charge agrees with the one recently proposed from a different point of view."
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Published on:
28 November 2022
Publisher:
OUP
Published in:
Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics , Volume 2022 (2022)
Issue 12
Article ID: 123A02
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptac160
arXiv:
2206.00283
Copyrights:
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Physical Society of Japan.
Licence:
CC-BY-4.0

Fulltext files: