Q-balls in K-field theory

Aníbal Faúndez (Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2950, Valparaíso, Chile) ; Radouane Gannouji (Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2950, Valparaíso, Chile)

We study the existence and stability of Q-balls in noncanonical scalar field theories, K(|Φ|2,X), where Φ is the complex scalar field and X is the kinetic term. We extend the Vakhitov-Kolokolov stability criterion to K-field theories. We derive the condition for the perturbations to have a well-posed Cauchy problem. We find that K,X>0 and K,X+XK,XX>0 are necessary but not sufficient conditions. The perturbations define a strongly hyperbolic system if (K,X2ϕ2K,XX)(K,X+2ω2ϕ2K,XX)>0. For all modifications studied, we found that perturbations propagate at a speed different from light. Generically, the noncanonical scalar field can lower the charge and energy of the Q-ball and therefore improves its stability.

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      "title": "<math><mi>Q</mi></math>-balls in <math><mi>K</mi></math>-field theory"
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      "source": "APS", 
      "value": "We study the existence and stability of <math><mi>Q</mi></math>-balls in noncanonical scalar field theories, <math><mrow><mi>K</mi><mo>(</mo><mo>|</mo><mi>\u03a6</mi><msup><mrow><mo>|</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>,</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math>, where <math><mi>\u03a6</mi></math> is the complex scalar field and <math><mi>X</mi></math> is the kinetic term. We extend the Vakhitov-Kolokolov stability criterion to <math><mi>K</mi></math>-field theories. We derive the condition for the perturbations to have a well-posed Cauchy problem. We find that <math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>,</mo><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math> and <math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>,</mo><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><mi>X</mi><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>,</mo><mi>X</mi><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math> are necessary but not sufficient conditions. The perturbations define a strongly hyperbolic system if <math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>,</mo><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub><mo>\u2212</mo><mn>2</mn><msup><mrow><mi>\u03d5</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>\u2032</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>,</mo><mi>X</mi><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>,</mo><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><msup><mrow><mi>\u03c9</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>\u03d5</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>,</mo><mi>X</mi><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math>. For all modifications studied, we found that perturbations propagate at a speed different from light. Generically, the noncanonical scalar field can lower the charge and energy of the <math><mi>Q</mi></math>-ball and therefore improves its stability."
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Published on:
30 May 2023
Publisher:
APS
Published in:
Physical Review D , Volume 107 (2023)
Issue 10
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.107.104058
arXiv:
2301.05890
Copyrights:
Published by the American Physical Society
Licence:
CC-BY-4.0

Fulltext files: